Build Buffer
KINDAreplaces $6/mosaves $72/yrback to the verdict
Build a text-only Mastodon posting queue with visible uncertain outcomes.
Before step 1
Everything below is assumed from the first step. Tick each one when you actually have it, not when you plan to.
- installPython is free; this local prototype requires no hosting subscription.
Why The local backend, tests and storage use Python.
Get it Install Python from python.org. Open a terminal in a new empty project folder. On Windows, use py -3 where this guide says python if python is not on PATH; on macOS/Linux use python3 if needed. Create .venv and activate it before installing packages. open ↗
Verify
python --version reports 3.12+ and python -c "import sqlite3" succeeds. - installNo paid service required for this local step.
Why You need to view the local interface and edit generated project files.
Get it Use an installed Chrome, Firefox or Edge browser. Open the empty project folder in your editor; open the terminal there, not in this catalog repository.
Verify
You can create a text file in the project folder and open browser developer tools. - have readyNo paid service required for this local step.
Why This fixture makes the first end-to-end check reproducible.
Get it Create synthetic sample data before implementation: Two queued posts, a due post with a simulated timeout and a daylight-saving boundary slot. Save it under fixtures/ with the expected results in fixtures/README.md; use no real credentials or customer records.
Verify
The fixture files and expected outcomes exist and can be inspected without a vendor account. - decideNo paid service required for this local step.
Why The full commercial product is larger than this guide.
Get it The deliverable is a text-only Mastodon posting queue with visible uncertain outcomes. Read every exclusion below. Indie mode runs locally; any public or shared use requires the product access and deployment gates first.
Verify
You can name the primary workflow and the vendor features this version deliberately leaves out. - API keyInstance membership and usage conditions vary; check your instance before sending.
Why Publishing needs scoped permission on your instance.
Get it Open your instance preferences, Development, New application. Create an app with the minimal account verification and status-write permissions required by its API; copy its access token to .env. Use a test account and revoke the token when finished. open ↗
Verify
The backend verifies the token identity without creating a post.
Data model
Create these before the first phase that stores anything. Changing a table later is the expensive kind of change.
- posts(id,text,scheduled_utc,timezone,state,revision) - attempts(id,post_id,idempotency_key,started_at,outcome,remote_id,error) - slots(id,weekday,local_time) - account(id,instance_url) - Use stable ids and explicit relationships; add auxiliary tables named by the phases before those phases use them. - Acceptance fixture: Two queued posts, a due post with a simulated timeout and a daylight-saving boundary slot.
Environment variables
These go in a .env file the app reads at startup. The pack's .env.example is this table as a file · copy it, never commit the filled-in version.
| Variable | Needed | Example | Where the value comes from |
|---|---|---|---|
DATA_DIR | required | ./data/buffer | A new private folder this application creates on first run; never serve it as static files. |
SECRET_KEYsecret | required | replace-with-a-random-secret | Generate with python -c "import secrets; print(secrets.token_hex(32))" and save only in .env. |
APP_MODE | required | indie | Use indie for loopback-only personal work. Product mode must refuse to start until owner login and the deployment gates are configured. |
SITE_URL | required | http://127.0.0.1:5000 | The origin used for local forms and links; replace with the chosen HTTPS origin in product mode. |
MASTODON_URL | required | https://your-instance.example | Your actual instance origin, validated and allowlisted by the owner. |
MASTODON_TOKENsecret | required | replace-with-scoped-token | The access token created in your own instance Development settings. |
The build, in order
Local foundation and data contract
Create the runnable local foundation for a text-only Mastodon posting queue with visible uncertain outcomes, including the real schema and acceptance fixture.
Run the venv command first, then stop and activate it before running the remaining commands. Use your OS instructions: Windows .venv\Scripts\activate.bat in cmd, or .venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1 in PowerShell; macOS/Linux source .venv/bin/activate. Then install the listed packages. Create app.py exposing app, load .env with python-dotenv, and add a /healthz route. Freeze tested dependency versions to requirements.txt. Create .env manually from .env.example; replace SECRET_KEY before launch.
Files
app.pyrequirements.txt.env.example.gitignoreterminalpython -m venv .venv python -m pip install Flask Flask-WTF python-dotenv waitress tzdata python -m pip freeze > requirements.txt python -m flask --app app run --host 127.0.0.1
For database-backed state create schema.sql and db.py using this model: posts(id,text,scheduled_utc,timezone,state,revision); attempts(id,post_id,idempotency_key,started_at,outcome,remote_id,error); slots(id,weekday,local_time); account(id,instance_url). Add the auxiliary relationships explicitly used in later phases; use stable ids, foreign keys, parameterized values and transactions. For canonical files use atomic replacement and hashes instead. Implement python manage.py init and python manage.py seed to create only synthetic data: Two queued posts, a due post with a simulated timeout and a daylight-saving boundary slot. Re-running init must not erase data.
Files
schema.sqldb.pymanage.pyfixtures/README.mdterminalpython manage.py init python manage.py seed
Install Flask-WTF CSRF protection for forms and same-origin fetches, validate Host and Origin against SITE_URL, bound inputs and escape output. Deliberately public intake endpoints get bounded validation and rate limits; signed provider webhooks use signature checks instead of browser CSRF tokens. All other admin routes stay local until product authentication exists. When a later phase tests viewer/member permissions, implement the users, hashed passwords, expiring server sessions and role checks in this foundation first; product mode must never use a fabricated identity from request input. Add error, empty, keyboard-focus and retry states now.
Files
app.pytemplates/base.htmltest/test_foundation.py
done when · tick each as it passeswatch out- The Flask development server is for local development only. Loopback binding alone does not replace CSRF and origin validation.
Account preflight and composer
Account preflight and composer for Buffer: Connect one user-owned Mastodon account with a narrowly scoped token kept on the backend; verify the account before scheduling.
Connect one user-owned Mastodon account with a narrowly scoped token kept on the backend; verify the account before scheduling.
Files
features/account_preflight_and_composer.pytemplates/account_preflight_and_composer.htmlBuild a plain-text composer using the instance reported limits and a local validation error when text is too long.
Files
features/account_preflight_and_composer.pyUse Two queued posts, a due post with a simulated timeout and a daylight-saving boundary slot. Check: A revoked token fails preflight without modifying the queue. Then check: A draft remains editable and is not sent during account verification. Add a focused regression for the failure case under test/ using a temporary database or folder and fake external services; also perform the visible workflow in a browser.
Files
test/test_account_preflight_and_composer.pyterminalpython -m unittest discover -s test
done when · tick each as it passeswatch out- Instances can differ; do not hardcode a universal character limit or API price.
Timezone slots
Timezone slots for Buffer: Create weekday/local-time slot rules and materialize upcoming slots into UTC with an explicit policy for missing or repeated DST times.
Create weekday/local-time slot rules and materialize upcoming slots into UTC with an explicit policy for missing or repeated DST times.
Files
features/timezone_slots.pytemplates/timezone_slots.htmlSupport an exact scheduled time override and revision-safe rescheduling; show both local time and UTC in the queue.
Files
features/timezone_slots.pyUse Two queued posts, a due post with a simulated timeout and a daylight-saving boundary slot. Check: Two posts fill successive free slots without sharing one slot. Then check: The DST fixture creates no duplicate occurrence and displays the chosen policy. Add a focused regression for the failure case under test/ using a temporary database or folder and fake external services; also perform the visible workflow in a browser.
Files
test/test_timezone_slots.pyterminalpython -m unittest discover -s test
done when · tick each as it passeswatch out- A local time string alone cannot uniquely identify an instant around a clock change.
Publish and reconcile
Publish and reconcile for Buffer: Use POST /api/v1/statuses with a stable Idempotency-Key per post, a lease and accepted/failed/unknown states.
Use POST /api/v1/statuses with a stable Idempotency-Key per post, a lease and accepted/failed/unknown states.
Files
features/publish_and_reconcile.pytemplates/publish_and_reconcile.htmlPersist the returned remote id and link only after acknowledgement; bound retries and reconcile uncertain outcomes before a delayed replay.
Files
features/publish_and_reconcile.pyUse Two queued posts, a due post with a simulated timeout and a daylight-saving boundary slot. Check: Replaying an acknowledged post never makes a second API call. Then check: The simulated timeout becomes unknown and stays visible for review. Add a focused regression for the failure case under test/ using a temporary database or folder and fake external services; also perform the visible workflow in a browser.
Files
test/test_publish_and_reconcile.pyterminalpython -m unittest discover -s test
done when · tick each as it passeswatch out- An idempotency key is not a permanent exactly-once guarantee; do not blindly retry after long outages.
Portable delivery and clean-start proof
Finish the Buffer replacement with a documented first-run path and a recoverable export.
Document prerequisites, every configuration variable, data locations and the three domain workflows: Account preflight and composer; Timezone slots; Publish and reconcile. Include the exclusions, actual costs and source check date 2026-09-05. Commands shown earlier that reference project files are files the builder must implement before running them.
Files
README.md.env.exampleUse sqlite3.Connection.backup for the database in DATA_DIR and pause writers while taking the matching attachment snapshot. Keep schema version, hashes and a manifest for buffer. Restore into a separate empty directory or isolated deployment, with all outbound actions and schedules disabled. Recreate this proof: Two queued posts, a due post with a simulated timeout and a daylight-saving boundary slot. Compare ids/counts and open the result before recording the restore date. Never test a restore over the only live copy.
Files
OPERATIONS.mdscripts/backup.pyUse a new folder and only README instructions to reach the fixture outcome. Install from requirements.txt, initialize storage, run the tests and exercise the UI at 375px and 1280px; use keyboard-only controls and inspect browser errors. Record exactly what passed; do not mark unrun checks complete.
Files
README.mdverification.mdterminalpython -m pip install -r requirements.txt python -m unittest discover -s test
done when · tick each as it passeswatch out- Export without an import or restore rehearsal is not verified portability.
Operate and share with access controlsproduct builder
Product-builder only: make a text-only Mastodon posting queue with visible uncertain outcomes operable for its stated audience before allowing remote access.
Add owner/member/viewer authorization as appropriate, password hashes through Werkzeug, expiring server-side sessions, CSRF and login rate limits. Add users, sessions and audit schema migrations plus an owner-init command prompting securely for its password. Enforce ownership on every private read/write/download and fail closed when product setup is incomplete. Existing learner or admin identities must use this same boundary.
Files
ARCHITECTURE.mdOPERATIONS.mdServe app:app with Waitress on loopback behind Caddy HTTPS. Configure trusted proxy headers narrowly, Secure/HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, upload limits, request ids and structured logs without private content. Run background jobs as a separate supervised process when the domain workflow requires them.
Files
CaddyfileOPERATIONS.mdterminalwaitress-serve --listen=127.0.0.1:5000 app:app
Add a scheduled encrypted off-host backup using this procedure: Use sqlite3.Connection.backup for the database in DATA_DIR and pause writers while taking the matching attachment snapshot. Keep schema version, hashes and a manifest for buffer. Monitor health, disk space, failed jobs and backup age. Stop the service to test an alert; rehearse recovery with outbound effects disabled and record recovery time. Rotate any exposed credentials and require reconciliation before resuming queues.
Files
OPERATIONS.mdrelease-checklist.md
done when · tick each as it passeswatch out- Product mode is additional engineering, not a switch that makes a local prototype production-ready.
That is the whole plan for Buffer. What it deliberately does not cover is below · check the gaps before you call it a replacement.
- An idempotency key is not a permanent exactly-once guarantee; do not blindly retry after long outages.
- This is a text-only Mastodon posting queue with visible uncertain outcomes; full Buffer feature parity, vendor hosting and support are not included.
- multi-network API maintenance
- post previews
- analytics
- approvals
- mobile apps
- team queues
- platform policy changes
- Extend publish and reconcile only after the fixture and recovery checks pass.
- Before adding another integration, document its credentials, limits, cost and failure behavior with primary-source links.
Need the files? The project pack on the verdict page hands your agent the whole brief · more social media.